EXERCISE Page 186 – 201
EXERCISE 11 Page 186
C 1. The subject (of lecture) was quite interesting.
I 2. The supplies (for the camping trip) needs to be packed.
C 3. The chair (under the table) (in the dining room) is quite comfortable.
C 4. The players (on the winning team) (in the competition) put forth a lot of
effort.
I 5. The food (for the guests) (at the party) are on the long tables.
C 6. The cost (of the clothes) was higher than I had expected.
C 7. The rugs (in the front rooms) (of the house) are going to be washed today.
I 8. The waiters and waitresses (in the restaurant) always serves the food
efficiently.
C 9. The lights (in the corner) (of the room) need to be kept on all night.
C 10. The meeting (of members) (of the councils) begins at 3:00 (in the afternoon).
EXERCISE 12 Page 187
C 1. Half of the student in the class arrive early.
I 2. Some of the fruit are rotten.
C 3. All of the next chapter contains very important information.
C 4. Most of the people in the room is paying attention.
C 5. Part of the soup is left on the stove.
I 6. Some of the movie were just too violent for me.
I 7. All the details in the report needs to be checked.
C 8. Most of the money is needed to pay the bills.
C 9. The first half of the class consists of lecture and note-tacking.
I 10. Some of the question on the test was impossible to answer.
EXERCISE 13 Page 189
I 1. Anybody are welcome at the party.
C 2. No one here is afraid of skydiving.
I 3. Everyone in the world needs love and respect.
C 4. Someone have to clean up the house.
C 5. Each plant in the garden appear healthy and strong.
I 6. You sould understand that anything is possible.
I 7. Everything in the salad are good for you.
I 8. Nobody in the class have completed the assignment on time.
I 9. I am sure that every detail have been considered.
I 10. Everybody know the rules, but somebody is not following them.
EXCERCISE (Skills 11-13) Page 189
C 1. The receptionist in the entryway to the offices is able to answer you questions.
I 2. All of the information in the documents are important.
C 3. Anyone in one of the classes has to take the final exam.
I 4. The coordinator of community services are arranging the program.
C 5. Most of the car are covered with mud.
C 6. Nothing more is going to be completed today.
I 7. The drinks in the pitchers on the table in the ballroom is for everyone.
I 8. Everybody were told to be here at 8.00, but somebody is not here.
C 9. Some of the meetings at the conference are limited to ten participants.
I 10. The sauce on the vegetables in the yellow bowl taste really delicious.
TOEFL EXCERCISE (Skills 11-13) Page 189
A 1. No body know when the process of glass making was invented.
A B C D
B 2. Sugars like glucose is made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
A B C D
A 3. Part of the electricity used in the United States today come from hydroelectric
A B C
sources.
D
A 4. The languages of the world presents a vast array of structural similarities and
A B C
differences.
D
A 5. The rise of multinasionals have resulted in a great deal of legal ambiguity
A B
because multinasionals can operate in so many jurisdictions.
C D
C 6. All of the east-west interstate highways in the United States has even numbers,
A B
while north-south interstate highways ¬are odd-numbered.
C D
C 7. When a massive star in the large Magellanic Cloud exploded in 1987, a wave
A B
of neutrinos were detected on Earth.
C D
C 8. Some of the agricultural practices used today is responsible for fostering
A B C D
desertification.
C 9. Every open space in the targeted area that has grass and a few bushes are
A B C
occupied by the white-crowned sparrow.
D
C 10. Krakatoa is remembered as the volcano that put so much ash into the air that A B
sunsets around the world was affected for two years afterward.
C D
TOEFL REVIEW EXCERCISE (Skills 1-13) page 190
1. D Pictograms constitute the earliest system of writing.
2. At temperatures A. approach absolute zero, substances posses minimal energy.
3. The Earth’s one-year evolution around the Sun changes how B. the fall of sunlight on one hemisphere or the other.
4. Though sporadic interest in regional dialects A. has existed for centuries, the first large-scale systematic studies did not take place until the nineteenth century.
B 5. The waters of the Chattahoochee River fills Lake Lanier.
A B C D
A 6. The first set of false teeth similar to those in use today it was made in France
A B C D
in the 1780s.
D 7. The term “Yankee” was originally a nickname for people from New England,
A
but now anyone from the United States are referred to as a Yankee.
B C D
A 8. A network of small arteries, mostly sandwiched between the skin and the
A
underlying muscles, supply blood to the face and scalp.
B C D
C 9. Mesquite is a small tree in the Southwest who can withstand the severest
A B C D
drought.
B 10. At the end of the Revolution, most of the army units of the young nation was
A B
almost tirely disbanded, leaving a total national military force of eighty men
C D
in 1784.
EXERCISE 14 Page 192
I 1. The pastries in that shop are very expensive but quite deliciously.
C 2. You can find some change to buy a paper in the drawer, on top of the dresser,
or in the jar.
C 3. The living room was decorated with expensive paintings and elegance lamps.
I 4. He knew that the financial problems were serious, that the situation was not
going to improve, and that he needed to get a job.
C 5. All day long during the trip to the mountains, they were skiing, sledding, or
played in the snow.
I 6. The car needs new tires but not a new engine.
C 7. He stop working when he gets too tired to continue or when he has finished.
C 8. To get to the office, you should go through this door, turn to the left, and
continuation down the hall.
C 9. For dessert we could serve lemon pie, fruit tarts, chocolate cake, or butter
cookies.
C 10. The sick child needs some medicine, some juice, and to rest.
EXERCISE 15 Page 194
I 1. He either lied or telling an unbelievable story.
C 2. The music at the concert was neither well played nor well liked.
C 3. He regularly studies both in the morning or in the evening.
I 4. The play that he saw last night was not only rather delightful but also quite
meaningful.
C 5. He married her neither for her ability to cook nor her ability to clean house.
C 6. The discussion was both exciting and interest.
C 7. He withdrew all the money not only from the checking account but also
room the savings account.
C 8. Neither the teacher or the students are ready to leave the classroom.
I 9. You can meet with me either in the next few minutes or at 4:00.
C 10. John is an adventurous person who enjoys not only skydiving but also goes
parasailing.
EXERCISE (Skills 14-15) Page 194
C 1. The advertisement appeared in the newspaper and on the radio.
C 2. She is trained as both an accountant and in nurshing.
I 3. We can take either my car or yours to the party.
C 4. The coffe is too hot, too bitter, and too strength.
C 5. He not only passed the test but also receiving the highest score in the class.
I 6. Your ideas are neither more important or less important than the ideas of
the others.
I 7. The meeting lasted only an hour but still seeming too long.
I 8. The novel was both emotional and description.
I 9. Either the counselor or her secretary can help you with that problem.
C 10. The leaves from the tree fell in the yard, in the pool, the driveway, and on the
sidewalk.
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 14 - 15) page 195
C 1. Ballpoint pents are less versatile but more population than fountain pens.
A B C D
A 2. Riddles vary greatly in both grammatical and phonology form.
A B C D
B 3. Blood pressure is measured by feeling the pulse and apply a force to the arm.
A B C D
D 4. The Moon has no atmosphere, no air, and no watery.
A B C D
B 5. The first matches were too hard to ignite, a mess, or too dangerously easy to
A B C D
ignite.
B 6. A 1971 U.S. government policy not only put warnings on cigarette packs but
A B
also banning television advertising of cigarettes.
C D
B 7. Demand, beauty, durability, rare, and perfection of cutting determine the
A B C
value of a gemstone.
D
D 8. The Harward Yard, which was Harward’s original campus, is still a major
A B C
attraction for both students and visiting.
D
C 9. In 1862, the American Confederacy raised the Merrimack, renamed it
A B
Virginia,covered it with iron plates, and an outfit it with ten guns.
C D
C 10. The liquid crystals in a liquid display (LCD) affect the polarized light so that
A B C
it is either blocked and reflected by the segments of the display.
D
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1 - 15) page 196
1. Most cells in multicelled organisms perform (A) Specialize funcition.
2. The big island of Hawaii, in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, (D) was creared by five volcanoes.
3. The Sun uses up over four million tons of hydrogen per second, (C) but it still has enough hydrogen to last for the next five billion years.
4. For Katherine L.Bates, who (A) reached the top of Pikes Peak in 1893, the view provided the inspiration for her hymn “America the Beautiful”.
D 5. Coal, petroleu, and natural gascous are all fossil fuels.
A B C D
C 6. The mass of neutron stars generally range from one-tenth to twice the mass
A B C D
of the Sun.
D 7. Grasses grow in ways that help them to survive being nibbled, chilly, or
A B C D
dried.
A 8. Most of Hemingway’s novels glorifies heroic exploits such as bullfighting or
A B C
boxing.
D
D 9. Paleographers study ancient and medieval handwriting in order to establish A B C
not only its age and also its background.
D
B 10. The sounds produced by bullfrogs and toads vary greatly because each
A B
species have its own particular call.
C D
EXERCISE 16 page 197
I 1. We have already hearing the good news.
C 2. She has ridden her bicycle to school every day.
I 3. I have always believe you.
I 4. He has find the missing car keys.
C 5. They have put their money in a savings account.
C 6. Their parents have allowed them to stay up late.
C 7. She has never ran away from home before.
I 8. Have you ever saw a ghost?
C 9. They have taken three tests already this week.
I 10. He has offer me a high-paying job.
EXRCISE 17 page 198
I 1. She was study the textbooks all night long.
C 2. The pie was cut into six equal pieces.
C 3. Today the teacher is allow the students to leave class a few minutes early.
I 4. The class is teach every other semester.
C 5. Tom is bringing some drinks to the party.
C 6. The sick child was taken to see a doctor.
I 7. The children are swim in the backyard pool.
I 8. The diamond jewelery is always keep in a safe place.
C 9. The teacher is preparing a difficult exam for the students.
C 10. Dinner is served from 6:00 to 8:00.
EXERCISE 18 page 199
C 1. You should try to respond politely.
I 2. Everyone must leaves the room immediately.
I 3. I could sat on the beach for hours.
I 4. She will asking you many difficult questions.
C 5. You can look at the book, but you cannot borrow it.
I 6. He may lies to you because he is not very truthful.
I 7. He knew that he would forgot the phone number.
I 8. The weatherman said that it might snowing tonight.
I 9. Perhaps we could bought a new car this year.
I 10. This course will satisfy the graduation requirement.
EXERCISE (Skills 16 - 18) page 200
C 1. We have became good friends in the last year.
C 2. You name will be list in the new directory.
I 3. The new movie is receive good reviews.
C 4. She must have feel sorry about her bad behavior.
I 5. They have always given their family many presents.
I 6. We may be taking a vacation next week.
I 7. We could have taking a vacation last week.
C 8. The package might had been deliver by an express mail service.
I 9. I have not wrote very many letters to my friends.
C 10. The car should not have be drive anymore yesterday.
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 16-18) page 200
D 1. By the 1920s, many radio transmitters had been build.
A B C D
B 2. Fish farming has rose in the United States in recent years.
A B C D
B 3. In areas of volcanic activity, beach sand may contains dark minerals and little
A B C D
quartz.
A 4. Cro-Magnon man was names after the caves in southwest France where the
A B
first remains were discovered.
C D
D 5. Lassie, the famous collie who made her first screen appearance in 1943, has
A B
always be played by a male dog.
C D
D 6. A blue bigwig lizard stakes out a territory and will defending females within
A B C
it against courting males.
D
D 7. President George Washington was inaugurates on the steps of the Federal
A B C
Building in New York City.
D
C 8. By 1627, Plymouth had became a viable and growing community of fifty
A B C
families, twenty-two goats, fifteen cows, and more than fifty pigs.
D
A 9. Tobacco was the crop on which the eminence of Williamsburg and the
A B
prosperity of Virginia were base.
C D
C 10. Because there may be scores of genes in each suspect DNA region, scientists
A
must identifying and sequence the actual genes contributing to type I
B C D
diabetes.
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-18) page 201
1. D. The Pacific Ocean has the deepest valleys and canyons on the Earth.
2. In the United States, the participation of females in the labor force D. jumped from 37 percent in 1965 to 51 percent in 1980.
3. Some composers, such as Richard Wagner, have felt that A. arias interrupt the action of the opera too much and have written operas without them.
C 4. Water stored behind a dam can used to drive turbines.
A B C D
B 5. Our universe may continue to expand as it gets colder, empty, and deader.
A B C D
B 6. Every form of matter in the world are made up of atoms.
A B C D
D 7. The lens and cornea are supply with nutrients and oxygen by the aqueous
A B C D
fluid.
C 8. Dodge City, laid out in 1872, owed both its prosperity and its famous to the
A B
buffalo in its early years.
C D
A 9. The amount of the two kinds of cholesterol in the blood have been shown to
A B C
have an effect on the risk of heart attack.
D
C 10. By the time Noah Webster reached his mid-twenties, he had already publish
A B C
an elementary speller.
D
Kamis, 07 April 2011
Karangan II
MORALS AND ETHICS IN THE BUSINESS WORLD
1. Moral in the Business World
Talking about morals is closely associated with religious and cultural talks, meaning that the moral rules of business is strongly influenced by the teachings and culture which is owned by business people themselves. Every religion teaches people to have a morally admirable, whether it is in activities to benefit in her "business". So, the moral is clearly an admirable and definitely have a positive impact for both parties. For example, in the transaction, if done honestly and consistently, it is clear both parties will feel satisfied and gain trust in each other, which in turn will work closely intertwined and mutually beneficial.
Moral and business needs continue to exist for the business world there is really warrant the level of satisfaction, both on consumers and producers. Why this needs to be discussed? The issue that stuck out is that the more rapid development of information without be balanced with the business world who were "moral", this world will become a modern jungle the strong oppress the weak, so what is mandated by the 1945 Constitution, Article 33 and guidelines to create fairness and equality will never materialized.
Moral was born from people who have and know the teachings of religion and culture. Religion has been set up someone in the relationship with people so that it can be stated that people who base their business on religion would have a morally praiseworthy in doing business. Based on this moral fact of doing business will not be determined in the form of a rule (rule) is determined by certain parties. Moral must grow from a person with knowledge of the teachings of the religious affiliations and culture have to be able to be applied in everyday life.
2. Ethics In Business World
If morality is something that encourages people to do good ethics to act as signs (sign) which is a voluntary agreement of all members of a group. The business world is a moral will be able to develop ethics (standards / guidelines) to ensure business activities are balanced, harmony, and harmony. Ethics as the signs in a community group will be able to guide and remind its members to an act of commendable (good conduct), which should always be adhered to and implemented. Ethics in business is certainly to be agreed by the people who are in business groups and other concerned groups.
Business world, not about the relationship between entrepreneur and an entrepreneur, but have national and even international links. Of course in this case, to realize the ethics of doing business need a transparent discussion between all parties, employers, governments, civil society and other nations for not just one party that runs the ethics while others stand to what they want. This means that if there are parties who do not know and approve of moral ethics and ethics, it is clear what was agreed upon by businesses will never be realized. So, obviously to produce an ethics within the business which ensures the existence of awareness between one party and another party does not need a global conversation that leads to a rule that does not harm anyone in the economy.
In creating business ethics, there are a few things to note, among others:
1. Self-control.
2. Development of social responsibility.
3. Maintaining identity and not easy to be swayed by the rapid development of information and technology.
4. Creating a healthy competition in the business world.
5. Applying the concept of sustainable development.
6. Avoiding the nature 5K (Corruption, Collusion, Connection, Collusion and Commission).
7. Being able to express the true is true.
8. Foster mutual trust between powerful businessmen and faction class entrepreneurs down.
9. Consistent with the rules agreed between employers.
10. Growing awareness and sense of belonging to what has been agreed.
11. There needs to be part of business ethics set forth in a positive law in the form of legislation.
Sumber :
N. Nuryesman M, Moral dan Etika Dalam Dunia Bisnis, Bank dan Manajemen, Mei/Juni 1996.
1. Moral in the Business World
Talking about morals is closely associated with religious and cultural talks, meaning that the moral rules of business is strongly influenced by the teachings and culture which is owned by business people themselves. Every religion teaches people to have a morally admirable, whether it is in activities to benefit in her "business". So, the moral is clearly an admirable and definitely have a positive impact for both parties. For example, in the transaction, if done honestly and consistently, it is clear both parties will feel satisfied and gain trust in each other, which in turn will work closely intertwined and mutually beneficial.
Moral and business needs continue to exist for the business world there is really warrant the level of satisfaction, both on consumers and producers. Why this needs to be discussed? The issue that stuck out is that the more rapid development of information without be balanced with the business world who were "moral", this world will become a modern jungle the strong oppress the weak, so what is mandated by the 1945 Constitution, Article 33 and guidelines to create fairness and equality will never materialized.
Moral was born from people who have and know the teachings of religion and culture. Religion has been set up someone in the relationship with people so that it can be stated that people who base their business on religion would have a morally praiseworthy in doing business. Based on this moral fact of doing business will not be determined in the form of a rule (rule) is determined by certain parties. Moral must grow from a person with knowledge of the teachings of the religious affiliations and culture have to be able to be applied in everyday life.
2. Ethics In Business World
If morality is something that encourages people to do good ethics to act as signs (sign) which is a voluntary agreement of all members of a group. The business world is a moral will be able to develop ethics (standards / guidelines) to ensure business activities are balanced, harmony, and harmony. Ethics as the signs in a community group will be able to guide and remind its members to an act of commendable (good conduct), which should always be adhered to and implemented. Ethics in business is certainly to be agreed by the people who are in business groups and other concerned groups.
Business world, not about the relationship between entrepreneur and an entrepreneur, but have national and even international links. Of course in this case, to realize the ethics of doing business need a transparent discussion between all parties, employers, governments, civil society and other nations for not just one party that runs the ethics while others stand to what they want. This means that if there are parties who do not know and approve of moral ethics and ethics, it is clear what was agreed upon by businesses will never be realized. So, obviously to produce an ethics within the business which ensures the existence of awareness between one party and another party does not need a global conversation that leads to a rule that does not harm anyone in the economy.
In creating business ethics, there are a few things to note, among others:
1. Self-control.
2. Development of social responsibility.
3. Maintaining identity and not easy to be swayed by the rapid development of information and technology.
4. Creating a healthy competition in the business world.
5. Applying the concept of sustainable development.
6. Avoiding the nature 5K (Corruption, Collusion, Connection, Collusion and Commission).
7. Being able to express the true is true.
8. Foster mutual trust between powerful businessmen and faction class entrepreneurs down.
9. Consistent with the rules agreed between employers.
10. Growing awareness and sense of belonging to what has been agreed.
11. There needs to be part of business ethics set forth in a positive law in the form of legislation.
Sumber :
N. Nuryesman M, Moral dan Etika Dalam Dunia Bisnis, Bank dan Manajemen, Mei/Juni 1996.
Karangan I
IF A WOMAN EQUAL TO MAN
Women sometimes do not understand the nature of men, and vice versa. Here I am trying to find the difference between the nature of women and men, also concluded that action should be taken.
1. Logic or feelings
Men tend to use logic rather than feelings. Being women wear emotions or feelings in the act.
Action: It is time that we are also use sense logic in action. Most importantly, we take a decision which has been best for themselves and do not harm others.
2. The Painful Honest
Men are more open and forthright in speech, without realizing that saying they hurt the other person. Women are more appreciative of their person by looking at the situation the right to argue.
Action: To be honest is very good, but it would be nice if the delivery should be well and sweet so as not to hurt the other person's feelings.
3. First Actions
More initiative is an excess of men, they tend to act and react more quickly to something. Whereas women more often wait and think carefully before acting.
Action: Be careful especially needed in the act, but we also need to be more sensitive and take the initiative if there are opportunities and good opportunities to come.
4. Friend No. 1
The compactness friendship between a man deserves thumbs up. Especially if one friend get in trouble, they would have helped. Even putting them more friends than girlfriend. Conversely, women sometimes prefer a boyfriend than a friend. This because of the nature of woman who likes attention and serious boyfriend committed.
Action: Should we be more careful, choose whichever is more need us. Friend or boyfriend.
Women sometimes do not understand the nature of men, and vice versa. Here I am trying to find the difference between the nature of women and men, also concluded that action should be taken.
1. Logic or feelings
Men tend to use logic rather than feelings. Being women wear emotions or feelings in the act.
Action: It is time that we are also use sense logic in action. Most importantly, we take a decision which has been best for themselves and do not harm others.
2. The Painful Honest
Men are more open and forthright in speech, without realizing that saying they hurt the other person. Women are more appreciative of their person by looking at the situation the right to argue.
Action: To be honest is very good, but it would be nice if the delivery should be well and sweet so as not to hurt the other person's feelings.
3. First Actions
More initiative is an excess of men, they tend to act and react more quickly to something. Whereas women more often wait and think carefully before acting.
Action: Be careful especially needed in the act, but we also need to be more sensitive and take the initiative if there are opportunities and good opportunities to come.
4. Friend No. 1
The compactness friendship between a man deserves thumbs up. Especially if one friend get in trouble, they would have helped. Even putting them more friends than girlfriend. Conversely, women sometimes prefer a boyfriend than a friend. This because of the nature of woman who likes attention and serious boyfriend committed.
Action: Should we be more careful, choose whichever is more need us. Friend or boyfriend.
Kamis, 10 Maret 2011
EXERCISE page 157-182
EXERCISE page 157-182
EXERCISE 1 page 157
I 1. My best friend always helpful with problems.
C 2. The bus schedule has changed since last week.
I 3. Accidentally dropped the glass on the floor.
C 4. The customer paying the clerk for the clothes.
C 5. The professor handed the syllabus to the students.
I 6. Each day practiced the piano for hours.
C 7. The basketball player tossed the ball into the hoop.
I 8. The new student in the class very talkative and friendly.
I 9. Walking with the children to school.
C 10. The whales headed south for the winter.
EXERCISE 2 page 158
C 1. The name is Jack.
I 2. need to turn in the papers.
C 3. The directions unclear.
C 4. Because of the heavy rain are muddy.
I 5. eat lunch .
I 6. was tired.
C 7. the trip is our favorite trip.
I 8. of the house.
C 9. With her purse ran .
C 10. the alarm clock rang.
EXERCISE (Skills 1-2) page 158
C 1. discussed the schedule.
C 2. The doctor gave
I 3. The tall evergreen trees
C 4. The watch needs
I 5. Pleasantly greets everyone
I 6. In the office
C 7. The dishes in the sink to be washed
I 8. about the problem
C 9. The plane circling
C 10. On a regular basis the plants
are watered and fed.
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 1-2) page 159
1. Mark Twain (A) called the years after the Civil War the "Gilded Age".
2. Early (C) horses had toes instead of hooves on their feet.
3. (B) Tundra plants grow close to the ground in the short Arctic summer.
4. In 1867, (C) the United States purchase of Alaska from the Russians for $ 7.2 million.
5. Between 1725 and 1750, New England witnessed an increase in the specialization of (A) occupations.
6. The large carotid artery (A) carrying blood to the main parts of the brain.
7. (D) Marconi developed radio as the first practical system of wireless telegraphy.
8. In 1975, the first successful space probe to (C) Venus was beginning to send information back to Earth.
9. The two biggest resort (A) in Arkansas are Hot Spring and Eureka Springs.
10. NASA's Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (C) was the control center for the Mercury,
Gemini, and Apollo space flights.
EXERCISE 3 page 161
C 1. The crying baby needs to be picked up.
ADJ.
I 2. The clothes are lying on the floor should go into the washing machine.
VERB
C 3. The waitress bringing the steaming soup to the waiting diners.
ADJ. ADJ.
I 4. Most of the striking workers are walking the picket line.
ADJ. VERB
I 5. For her brithday, the child is getting a talking doll.
VERB ADJ.
C 6. The setting sun creating a rainbow of colors in the sky.
ADJ.
I 7. The ship is sailing to Mexico is leaving tonight.
VERB VERB
C 8. The letters needing immediate answers are on the desk.
ADJ.
C 9. The boring class just ending a few minutes ago.
ADJ. VERB
C 10. The fast moving clouds are bringing freezing rain to the area.
ADJ. VERB
EXERCISE 4 page 162
I 1. The food is served in this restaurant is delicious.
VERB
C 2. The plane landed on the deserted runway.
ADJ.
C 3. The unexpected guests arrived just at dinnertime.
ADJ.
I 4. The courses are listed in the catalogue are required courses.
VERB VERB
C 5. The teacher found the lost exam.
ADJ.
I 6. The small apartment very crowded and disorganized.
ADJ ADJ. ADJ,.
I 7. The photographs developed yesterday showed Sam and his friends.
C 8. The locked drawer contained the unworn jewels.
ADJ.
I 9. The tree was blown over in the storm was cut into logs.
VERB VERB
I 10. The students registered in this course are listed on that sheet of paper.
VERB
EXERCISE (Skills 3-4) page 163
C 1. Our hosts are serving drinks on the tiled patio.
I 2. The tired woman taking a much needed nap.
C 3. The letters were sent on Monday arrived on Wednesday.
C 4. The winners deserved the big prize.
I 5. The plants are growing in the garden need a lot of water.
I 6. The shining stars lit up the darkened sky.
I 7. The driver rapidly increased the speed of the racing car.
I 8. The excited children trying to build a snowman in the falling snow.
I 9. The students are completing the course will graduate in June.
C 10. The dissatisfied customer is returning the broken toaster to the store.
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 3-4) page 163
1. The first (D) flowering plants appeared during the last period of the dinosaurs’ reign.
2. The earlist medicines (C) were obtained from plants of various sorts.
3. Simple sails were made from canvas (B) stretched over a frame.
4. Pluto’s moon Charon (B) is moving in a slightly elliptical path around the planet.
5. Techniques of breath control form an essential of any (D) training program to improve the voice.
6. Robert E. Lee (A) surrendered the confederate Army to General Grant in 1865 at the Appomattox Courthouse.
7. The pituitary, (A) found below the brain, releases hormones to control other glands.
8. At ground two years of age, many children regularly produce sentences (B) containing three or four words.
9. Multinational companies (B) are finding it increasingly important to employ internationally acceptable brand names.
10. The cornea is located under the conjunctiva, on (C) the exposed part of the eye.
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-4) page 164
1. (B) The Polynesians arrived first settled the Hawaiian Island between A.D. 3000 and 750.
2. In 1066, a bright comet (A) was appearing in the sky attracted much attention.
3. In some daguerreotype cameras, (C) from the view of the object through a hole in the back of the box.
4. In the Stone Age, stone tools (B) they polished with other rock materials.
5. The first steamship to cross the Atlantic (A) was the Savannah, in 1819.
6. The Earth’s plates meet each other at cracks in the Earth (C) called faults.
7. The first plant like organisms probably (B) living in the sea, perhaps three billion years ago.
8. In male pattern baldness, (D) heredity has strongly influences the degree of hair loss.
9. In Watch the Skies, Curtis Peebles (A) makes a fascinating attempt to explain America’s belief in fling saucers.
10. The irregular coastline of (B) Massachusetts is a succession of bays and inlets, with the hook of the Cape Cod peninsula in the southheast.
EXERCISE 5 page 166
C 1. The lawn needs water every day, or it will turn brown.
I 2. The book was not long, but it difficult to read.
I 3. It was raining, so decided not to go camping.
C 4. The material has been cut, and the pieces have been sewn together.
I 5. The patient took all the medicine, he did not feel much better.
C 6. The bill must be paid immediately, or the electricity will turned off.
C 7. The furnace broke so the house got quite cold.
C 8. The dress did not cost too much, but the quality it seemed excellent.
C 9. The leaves kept falling off thr trees, and the boys kept raking them up, but the yard was still covered.
C 10. The postman has already delivered the mail, so the letter is not going to arrive today, it probably will arrive tomorrow.
EXERCISE 6 page 168
C 1. the plane circled the airport, it landed on the main runway.
I 2. The registration process took many hours the lines so long.
C 3. This type of medicine can be helpful, it can also have some bad side effects.
C 4. The waves were amazingly high were t the storm hit the coastal town.
I 5. We need to get a new car is on sale or not.
C 6. Just as the bread came out of the oven, wonderful aroma filled the
kitchen.
C 7. Everyone has spent time unpacking boxes the family moved into the
new house.
I 8. the area is a desert many plants bloom there in the springtime.
C 9. The drivers on the freeway drove slowly and carefully the rain was
falling heavily they did not want to have an accident.
I 10. you plan carefully you take a trip, will have a much better time
the small details will not cause problems.
EXERCISE (Skills 5-6) page 169
C 1. The lawyer presented a strong case, the client was still found guilty.
C 2. the children read some stories they went to bed.
I 3. The report needed to be completed, the workers stayed late every night for a
week.
C 4. you do not turn on the lights, you will trip in the dark.
C 5. A thick fog came rolling in, planes unable to land.
C 6. All of the shoes are on sale the current stock is gone.
C 7. The ship leaving the dock some passenger were not on board.
C 8. The outline must be turned in to the teacher a week the paper is due,
and must approve it.
I 9. the food was cold it was served the dinners sent it back to
the kitchen.
C 10. You should slow down you are driving, or the police will pull your car
over.
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 5-6) page 169
1. A spaceraft is freed from friction (D) after it is launched into space.
2. (D) Because lobsters blend with their surroundings, or they hide in crevices for protection.
3. (B) While the shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint, the elbow is a simple hinge joint.
4. A car has several section with moving parts, (A) good lubrication of those parts is essential.
5. Bears cannot see well (C) because they have small eyes.
6. (A) A land bridge existed at the Isthmus of Panama, so animals were able to migrate between North and South America.
7. (B) The Empire State Building is mostly made of granite, it also contains some human-made materials.
8. Pressure differences make the eardrum vibrate (D) as sound waves enter the ear.
9. An optical microscope magnifies as much as 2,000 times, but an electron microscope (C) can magnify as much as a million times.
10. If scientific estimates are accurate, (A) the Canon Diablo meteorite collided with the Earth about 20,000 years ago.
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-6) page 170
1. (A) The economic activity of the Pueblo Indians centered on intensive agriculture.
2. In popular terminology, any long snowtorm with (B) a large amount of wind is called a blizzard.
3. Nuclear power can be produced by fusion, (A) it can also be produced by fission.
4. (B) If the temperature is high, igneous rocks may be changed into gneisses.
5. In 1905, Henry Flagler (D) announced his plants to extend his Florida East Coast Railway out across the sea to Key West.
6. The sound (A) comes from a vibrating object will be high or low depending on the number of vibration.
7. During the late 1880s, urban streetcars were electrified through (C) the use of large motors.
8. (B) Biscayne National Park encompasses almost 274 square miles, but 96 percent of the park is under water.
9. Legislation (B) was passed in 1916 and 1917 gave the Wilson administration authority to intervene in the national economy if it proved necessary.
10. Because a family of birds set up housekeeping in Joel Chandler Harri’s mailbox when the birds were in need of a place to stay, (B) so the home was named the Wren’s Nest.
EXERCISE 7 page 172
C 1. It is unfortunate the meal is not ready yet.
I 2. She told me should pick her up.
I 3. The instructor explained was the computer lab located.
C 4. We could not believe he did to us.
I 5. Do you want to know it going to rain tomorrow?
C 6. We never know we will get paid or not.
I 7. This evening you can decide do you want to do.
I 8. The manager explained wanted the work done.
C 9. The map showed the party would be held.
I 10. Can you tell me was the mail not delivered today?
EXERCISE 8 page 174
C 1. The teacher heard answered the question.
I 2. I do not understand it went wrong.
I 3. Of the three movies. I can’t decide is the best.
I 4. She did not remember in her class.
I 5. No one is sure did it happen in front of the building.
I 6. We found out was her favorite type of candy.
C 7. Do you know caused the plants to die?
C 8. I am not sure it is the most important course in the program.
C 9. We thought who would be the best vice president.
I 10. She saw in the box in the closet.
EXERCISE (Skills 7-8) page 174
I 1. It doubtful he will pass the test or not.
C 2. The group discussed he should receive the prize.
C 3. It is not certain the class was cancelled.
I 4. I will do does it need to be done.
I 5. We forgot did the movie start.
C 6. I would like to ask you could come over for dinner this weekend.
C 7. The children knew the best game to play.
C 8. The advisor informed her needed to add another class.
C 9. He saw took the money.
C 10. It is unclear the window got broken.
EXERCISE (Skills 7-8) page 175
1. Today the true story of (C) what happened at Little Bignorn remains mystery.
2. For more than a decade, (C) bird-watchers have warned that certain species are becoming scarce.
3. Early in the eighteenth century, Halley accurately predicted when (A) the comet of 1682 would return.
4. No single factor explains why (C) aging has an effect vary so greatly among individuals.
5. Lack of clarity about (D) who will lead the party in the coming year will be removed at the party’s convention.
6. We do not (C) know whether the bow drill was first developed for woodworking or fire making.
7. Minute Man National Historical park is a monument to where (A) the beginning of the Revolutionary War
8. Tests on the colors of cars were conducted at the University of California to determine (A) which the safest colors for cars.
9. The National Institute of Dental Research estimates (A) for school children in fluoridated areas have about 25 percent less tooth decay than children elsewhere.
10. The process of photosynthesis explains how (D) with green plants are able to use the energy in sunlight to manufacture food from the simple chemicals in air and water.
EXERCISE page 176
1. Air near the equator (C) has a faster west-to-east motion than air farther from the equator.
2. About 4000 B.C humans discovered that (A) metals could be obtained from special rocks called ores.
3. (C) DNA degrades quickly after an animal dies.
4. (C) Improvement aerodynamic design has contributed a major part in reducing resistance to motion.
5. The southern part of Florida is much warmer in the winter than the northern part, so more (A) flocking tourists to the south.
6. The Moon’s gravity pulls water on the near side of the Earth toward the Moon, and this is what (C) causing tides to occur.
7. (D) As glaciers move, they pick up fragments of rock which become frozen into the base of the ice.
8. The tape measure first evolved from (D) the measuring chains used by the Egyptians.
9. A typical Atlantic hurricane starts as a low pressure system near (A) Africa coasts.
10. It is not clear whether the subdivisions of the neocortex (A) individual units.
EXERCISE page 178
C 1. I did not believe the story that he told me.
I 2. Ms. Brown, whom did you recommended for the job, will start work for tomorrow.
I 3. The lectur notes which lent me were not clearly written.
C 4. Sally has an appointment with the hairdresser whom you recommended.
C 5. The phone number that you gave me.
I 6. She is able to solve all the problems which did she cause.
C 7. The day that she spent on the beach left her sunburned.
C 8. Next week i am going to visit my cousins, whom have not seen in several years.
I 9. Did you forget the promise whom you made?
I 10. The teacher whom the students like the most is their history teacher.
EXERCISE page 180
C 1. The children that were vaccinated did not get sick.
I 2. I did not vote for the politician who he just won the election.
C 3. The dog that barking belongs to my neighbor.
C 4. I took two of the blue pills, which were very effective.
I 5. We rented an apartement from the lanlord who does he own the buildings on Maple Street.
I 6. She forgot to attend the meeting which it began at 11:00.
C 7. Any student who does not turn in the paper by Friday will fail the class.
I 8. The people which came in late had to sit at the back.
I 9. The courses that satisfy the graduation requirements they are difficult.
C 10. After dinner she went to visit her parents, who were living down the street.
EXERCISE (Skills 9-10) page 181
C 1. My sister prefer to eat food that have cooked themselves.
C 2. The boat that hit the underwater rock sank.
I 3. The car which he was driving could not possibly be his
I 4. The children built a house in the tree that in the backyard.
I 5. The cost of the trip which we wanted to take.
C 6. The children are playing with the toys which their mother told them to put away.
C 7. The guests who were seated around the dinner table.
C 8. The students have to read all the chapters which are on the test.
I 9. I really do not like the artist which you like.
C 10. The stone that they were set in the ring were quite valuable.
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 9-10) page 181
1. Modern human, who first appeared about 600,000 years ago, (B) were called homo sapiens.
2. The first writing (C) has evidence of his on Mesopotanian clay tablets.
3. (A) Succulent are drought-resistant plants which store water in fleshy tissue.
4. Benjamin Kabelsky, whom (B) most people know as Jack Benny, was a famous comedian in vaudeville and on radio and television.
5. (B) Dinosaurs are known that haunted other animals tended to have very narrow, sharp, curved claws.
6. The first eyeglasses had convex lenses for the aged who (A) had become farsighted.
7. Chimney Rock, (D) which stands 500 feet above the North Platte River, has croded considerably in the last two centuries.
8. (A) It changes hormones that accompany recurring bouts of severe depression reduce bone density.
9. Willa Cather is an author (B) the praise of readers for her evocative and vision or frontier prairie life.
10. Mars’s tiny moon Phobos is a small mountain of rock that (A) was probably captured from the asteroid belt by Mars’s gravitational pull.
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skill 1-10) page 182
1. (A) Annapolis is famous as the home af the United States Naval Academy.
2. Some scientist think (D) that Pluto might not be a planet but a moon of Neptune.
3. With (B) the appearance of sophisticatd oil lamps, elaborate tools were made to cut the wicks.
4. Fort Union was the site of what (A) the principal fur-trading post on the upper Missouri River.
5. Since (A) the face of the movie commercial risk, it has to appeal to a large audience to justify its cost.
6. A current of water known as the Gulf Stream comes up from the Gulf of Mexico, and then (A) it crosses the North Atlantic toward Europe.
7. Systems (D) using the two symbols0 and 1 are called binary number systems
8. Genes, (C) which the blueprints for cell construction, exist in tightly organized packages called choromosome
9. The Earth’s atmosphere consist of gases (B) hold in place around the Earth by the gravitational pull of the planet.
10. Oscar Hammerstein II collaborated with a number composers including Jeromi Kern, whom (B) was joined in writing the musical Show Boat.
EXERCISE 1 page 157
I 1. My best friend always helpful with problems.
C 2. The bus schedule has changed since last week.
I 3. Accidentally dropped the glass on the floor.
C 4. The customer paying the clerk for the clothes.
C 5. The professor handed the syllabus to the students.
I 6. Each day practiced the piano for hours.
C 7. The basketball player tossed the ball into the hoop.
I 8. The new student in the class very talkative and friendly.
I 9. Walking with the children to school.
C 10. The whales headed south for the winter.
EXERCISE 2 page 158
C 1. The name is Jack.
I 2. need to turn in the papers.
C 3. The directions unclear.
C 4. Because of the heavy rain are muddy.
I 5. eat lunch .
I 6. was tired.
C 7. the trip is our favorite trip.
I 8. of the house.
C 9. With her purse ran .
C 10. the alarm clock rang.
EXERCISE (Skills 1-2) page 158
C 1. discussed the schedule.
C 2. The doctor gave
I 3. The tall evergreen trees
C 4. The watch needs
I 5. Pleasantly greets everyone
I 6. In the office
C 7. The dishes in the sink to be washed
I 8. about the problem
C 9. The plane circling
C 10. On a regular basis the plants
are watered and fed.
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 1-2) page 159
1. Mark Twain (A) called the years after the Civil War the "Gilded Age".
2. Early (C) horses had toes instead of hooves on their feet.
3. (B) Tundra plants grow close to the ground in the short Arctic summer.
4. In 1867, (C) the United States purchase of Alaska from the Russians for $ 7.2 million.
5. Between 1725 and 1750, New England witnessed an increase in the specialization of (A) occupations.
6. The large carotid artery (A) carrying blood to the main parts of the brain.
7. (D) Marconi developed radio as the first practical system of wireless telegraphy.
8. In 1975, the first successful space probe to (C) Venus was beginning to send information back to Earth.
9. The two biggest resort (A) in Arkansas are Hot Spring and Eureka Springs.
10. NASA's Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (C) was the control center for the Mercury,
Gemini, and Apollo space flights.
EXERCISE 3 page 161
C 1. The crying baby needs to be picked up.
ADJ.
I 2. The clothes are lying on the floor should go into the washing machine.
VERB
C 3. The waitress bringing the steaming soup to the waiting diners.
ADJ. ADJ.
I 4. Most of the striking workers are walking the picket line.
ADJ. VERB
I 5. For her brithday, the child is getting a talking doll.
VERB ADJ.
C 6. The setting sun creating a rainbow of colors in the sky.
ADJ.
I 7. The ship is sailing to Mexico is leaving tonight.
VERB VERB
C 8. The letters needing immediate answers are on the desk.
ADJ.
C 9. The boring class just ending a few minutes ago.
ADJ. VERB
C 10. The fast moving clouds are bringing freezing rain to the area.
ADJ. VERB
EXERCISE 4 page 162
I 1. The food is served in this restaurant is delicious.
VERB
C 2. The plane landed on the deserted runway.
ADJ.
C 3. The unexpected guests arrived just at dinnertime.
ADJ.
I 4. The courses are listed in the catalogue are required courses.
VERB VERB
C 5. The teacher found the lost exam.
ADJ.
I 6. The small apartment very crowded and disorganized.
ADJ ADJ. ADJ,.
I 7. The photographs developed yesterday showed Sam and his friends.
C 8. The locked drawer contained the unworn jewels.
ADJ.
I 9. The tree was blown over in the storm was cut into logs.
VERB VERB
I 10. The students registered in this course are listed on that sheet of paper.
VERB
EXERCISE (Skills 3-4) page 163
C 1. Our hosts are serving drinks on the tiled patio.
I 2. The tired woman taking a much needed nap.
C 3. The letters were sent on Monday arrived on Wednesday.
C 4. The winners deserved the big prize.
I 5. The plants are growing in the garden need a lot of water.
I 6. The shining stars lit up the darkened sky.
I 7. The driver rapidly increased the speed of the racing car.
I 8. The excited children trying to build a snowman in the falling snow.
I 9. The students are completing the course will graduate in June.
C 10. The dissatisfied customer is returning the broken toaster to the store.
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 3-4) page 163
1. The first (D) flowering plants appeared during the last period of the dinosaurs’ reign.
2. The earlist medicines (C) were obtained from plants of various sorts.
3. Simple sails were made from canvas (B) stretched over a frame.
4. Pluto’s moon Charon (B) is moving in a slightly elliptical path around the planet.
5. Techniques of breath control form an essential of any (D) training program to improve the voice.
6. Robert E. Lee (A) surrendered the confederate Army to General Grant in 1865 at the Appomattox Courthouse.
7. The pituitary, (A) found below the brain, releases hormones to control other glands.
8. At ground two years of age, many children regularly produce sentences (B) containing three or four words.
9. Multinational companies (B) are finding it increasingly important to employ internationally acceptable brand names.
10. The cornea is located under the conjunctiva, on (C) the exposed part of the eye.
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-4) page 164
1. (B) The Polynesians arrived first settled the Hawaiian Island between A.D. 3000 and 750.
2. In 1066, a bright comet (A) was appearing in the sky attracted much attention.
3. In some daguerreotype cameras, (C) from the view of the object through a hole in the back of the box.
4. In the Stone Age, stone tools (B) they polished with other rock materials.
5. The first steamship to cross the Atlantic (A) was the Savannah, in 1819.
6. The Earth’s plates meet each other at cracks in the Earth (C) called faults.
7. The first plant like organisms probably (B) living in the sea, perhaps three billion years ago.
8. In male pattern baldness, (D) heredity has strongly influences the degree of hair loss.
9. In Watch the Skies, Curtis Peebles (A) makes a fascinating attempt to explain America’s belief in fling saucers.
10. The irregular coastline of (B) Massachusetts is a succession of bays and inlets, with the hook of the Cape Cod peninsula in the southheast.
EXERCISE 5 page 166
C 1. The lawn needs water every day, or it will turn brown.
I 2. The book was not long, but it difficult to read.
I 3. It was raining, so decided not to go camping.
C 4. The material has been cut, and the pieces have been sewn together.
I 5. The patient took all the medicine, he did not feel much better.
C 6. The bill must be paid immediately, or the electricity will turned off.
C 7. The furnace broke so the house got quite cold.
C 8. The dress did not cost too much, but the quality it seemed excellent.
C 9. The leaves kept falling off thr trees, and the boys kept raking them up, but the yard was still covered.
C 10. The postman has already delivered the mail, so the letter is not going to arrive today, it probably will arrive tomorrow.
EXERCISE 6 page 168
C 1. the plane circled the airport, it landed on the main runway.
I 2. The registration process took many hours the lines so long.
C 3. This type of medicine can be helpful, it can also have some bad side effects.
C 4. The waves were amazingly high were t the storm hit the coastal town.
I 5. We need to get a new car is on sale or not.
C 6. Just as the bread came out of the oven, wonderful aroma filled the
kitchen.
C 7. Everyone has spent time unpacking boxes the family moved into the
new house.
I 8. the area is a desert many plants bloom there in the springtime.
C 9. The drivers on the freeway drove slowly and carefully the rain was
falling heavily they did not want to have an accident.
I 10. you plan carefully you take a trip, will have a much better time
the small details will not cause problems.
EXERCISE (Skills 5-6) page 169
C 1. The lawyer presented a strong case, the client was still found guilty.
C 2. the children read some stories they went to bed.
I 3. The report needed to be completed, the workers stayed late every night for a
week.
C 4. you do not turn on the lights, you will trip in the dark.
C 5. A thick fog came rolling in, planes unable to land.
C 6. All of the shoes are on sale the current stock is gone.
C 7. The ship leaving the dock some passenger were not on board.
C 8. The outline must be turned in to the teacher a week the paper is due,
and must approve it.
I 9. the food was cold it was served the dinners sent it back to
the kitchen.
C 10. You should slow down you are driving, or the police will pull your car
over.
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 5-6) page 169
1. A spaceraft is freed from friction (D) after it is launched into space.
2. (D) Because lobsters blend with their surroundings, or they hide in crevices for protection.
3. (B) While the shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint, the elbow is a simple hinge joint.
4. A car has several section with moving parts, (A) good lubrication of those parts is essential.
5. Bears cannot see well (C) because they have small eyes.
6. (A) A land bridge existed at the Isthmus of Panama, so animals were able to migrate between North and South America.
7. (B) The Empire State Building is mostly made of granite, it also contains some human-made materials.
8. Pressure differences make the eardrum vibrate (D) as sound waves enter the ear.
9. An optical microscope magnifies as much as 2,000 times, but an electron microscope (C) can magnify as much as a million times.
10. If scientific estimates are accurate, (A) the Canon Diablo meteorite collided with the Earth about 20,000 years ago.
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skills 1-6) page 170
1. (A) The economic activity of the Pueblo Indians centered on intensive agriculture.
2. In popular terminology, any long snowtorm with (B) a large amount of wind is called a blizzard.
3. Nuclear power can be produced by fusion, (A) it can also be produced by fission.
4. (B) If the temperature is high, igneous rocks may be changed into gneisses.
5. In 1905, Henry Flagler (D) announced his plants to extend his Florida East Coast Railway out across the sea to Key West.
6. The sound (A) comes from a vibrating object will be high or low depending on the number of vibration.
7. During the late 1880s, urban streetcars were electrified through (C) the use of large motors.
8. (B) Biscayne National Park encompasses almost 274 square miles, but 96 percent of the park is under water.
9. Legislation (B) was passed in 1916 and 1917 gave the Wilson administration authority to intervene in the national economy if it proved necessary.
10. Because a family of birds set up housekeeping in Joel Chandler Harri’s mailbox when the birds were in need of a place to stay, (B) so the home was named the Wren’s Nest.
EXERCISE 7 page 172
C 1. It is unfortunate the meal is not ready yet.
I 2. She told me should pick her up.
I 3. The instructor explained was the computer lab located.
C 4. We could not believe he did to us.
I 5. Do you want to know it going to rain tomorrow?
C 6. We never know we will get paid or not.
I 7. This evening you can decide do you want to do.
I 8. The manager explained wanted the work done.
C 9. The map showed the party would be held.
I 10. Can you tell me was the mail not delivered today?
EXERCISE 8 page 174
C 1. The teacher heard answered the question.
I 2. I do not understand it went wrong.
I 3. Of the three movies. I can’t decide is the best.
I 4. She did not remember in her class.
I 5. No one is sure did it happen in front of the building.
I 6. We found out was her favorite type of candy.
C 7. Do you know caused the plants to die?
C 8. I am not sure it is the most important course in the program.
C 9. We thought who would be the best vice president.
I 10. She saw in the box in the closet.
EXERCISE (Skills 7-8) page 174
I 1. It doubtful he will pass the test or not.
C 2. The group discussed he should receive the prize.
C 3. It is not certain the class was cancelled.
I 4. I will do does it need to be done.
I 5. We forgot did the movie start.
C 6. I would like to ask you could come over for dinner this weekend.
C 7. The children knew the best game to play.
C 8. The advisor informed her needed to add another class.
C 9. He saw took the money.
C 10. It is unclear the window got broken.
EXERCISE (Skills 7-8) page 175
1. Today the true story of (C) what happened at Little Bignorn remains mystery.
2. For more than a decade, (C) bird-watchers have warned that certain species are becoming scarce.
3. Early in the eighteenth century, Halley accurately predicted when (A) the comet of 1682 would return.
4. No single factor explains why (C) aging has an effect vary so greatly among individuals.
5. Lack of clarity about (D) who will lead the party in the coming year will be removed at the party’s convention.
6. We do not (C) know whether the bow drill was first developed for woodworking or fire making.
7. Minute Man National Historical park is a monument to where (A) the beginning of the Revolutionary War
8. Tests on the colors of cars were conducted at the University of California to determine (A) which the safest colors for cars.
9. The National Institute of Dental Research estimates (A) for school children in fluoridated areas have about 25 percent less tooth decay than children elsewhere.
10. The process of photosynthesis explains how (D) with green plants are able to use the energy in sunlight to manufacture food from the simple chemicals in air and water.
EXERCISE page 176
1. Air near the equator (C) has a faster west-to-east motion than air farther from the equator.
2. About 4000 B.C humans discovered that (A) metals could be obtained from special rocks called ores.
3. (C) DNA degrades quickly after an animal dies.
4. (C) Improvement aerodynamic design has contributed a major part in reducing resistance to motion.
5. The southern part of Florida is much warmer in the winter than the northern part, so more (A) flocking tourists to the south.
6. The Moon’s gravity pulls water on the near side of the Earth toward the Moon, and this is what (C) causing tides to occur.
7. (D) As glaciers move, they pick up fragments of rock which become frozen into the base of the ice.
8. The tape measure first evolved from (D) the measuring chains used by the Egyptians.
9. A typical Atlantic hurricane starts as a low pressure system near (A) Africa coasts.
10. It is not clear whether the subdivisions of the neocortex (A) individual units.
EXERCISE page 178
C 1. I did not believe the story that he told me.
I 2. Ms. Brown, whom did you recommended for the job, will start work for tomorrow.
I 3. The lectur notes which lent me were not clearly written.
C 4. Sally has an appointment with the hairdresser whom you recommended.
C 5. The phone number that you gave me.
I 6. She is able to solve all the problems which did she cause.
C 7. The day that she spent on the beach left her sunburned.
C 8. Next week i am going to visit my cousins, whom have not seen in several years.
I 9. Did you forget the promise whom you made?
I 10. The teacher whom the students like the most is their history teacher.
EXERCISE page 180
C 1. The children that were vaccinated did not get sick.
I 2. I did not vote for the politician who he just won the election.
C 3. The dog that barking belongs to my neighbor.
C 4. I took two of the blue pills, which were very effective.
I 5. We rented an apartement from the lanlord who does he own the buildings on Maple Street.
I 6. She forgot to attend the meeting which it began at 11:00.
C 7. Any student who does not turn in the paper by Friday will fail the class.
I 8. The people which came in late had to sit at the back.
I 9. The courses that satisfy the graduation requirements they are difficult.
C 10. After dinner she went to visit her parents, who were living down the street.
EXERCISE (Skills 9-10) page 181
C 1. My sister prefer to eat food that have cooked themselves.
C 2. The boat that hit the underwater rock sank.
I 3. The car which he was driving could not possibly be his
I 4. The children built a house in the tree that in the backyard.
I 5. The cost of the trip which we wanted to take.
C 6. The children are playing with the toys which their mother told them to put away.
C 7. The guests who were seated around the dinner table.
C 8. The students have to read all the chapters which are on the test.
I 9. I really do not like the artist which you like.
C 10. The stone that they were set in the ring were quite valuable.
TOEFL EXERCISE (Skills 9-10) page 181
1. Modern human, who first appeared about 600,000 years ago, (B) were called homo sapiens.
2. The first writing (C) has evidence of his on Mesopotanian clay tablets.
3. (A) Succulent are drought-resistant plants which store water in fleshy tissue.
4. Benjamin Kabelsky, whom (B) most people know as Jack Benny, was a famous comedian in vaudeville and on radio and television.
5. (B) Dinosaurs are known that haunted other animals tended to have very narrow, sharp, curved claws.
6. The first eyeglasses had convex lenses for the aged who (A) had become farsighted.
7. Chimney Rock, (D) which stands 500 feet above the North Platte River, has croded considerably in the last two centuries.
8. (A) It changes hormones that accompany recurring bouts of severe depression reduce bone density.
9. Willa Cather is an author (B) the praise of readers for her evocative and vision or frontier prairie life.
10. Mars’s tiny moon Phobos is a small mountain of rock that (A) was probably captured from the asteroid belt by Mars’s gravitational pull.
TOEFL REVIEW EXERCISE (Skill 1-10) page 182
1. (A) Annapolis is famous as the home af the United States Naval Academy.
2. Some scientist think (D) that Pluto might not be a planet but a moon of Neptune.
3. With (B) the appearance of sophisticatd oil lamps, elaborate tools were made to cut the wicks.
4. Fort Union was the site of what (A) the principal fur-trading post on the upper Missouri River.
5. Since (A) the face of the movie commercial risk, it has to appeal to a large audience to justify its cost.
6. A current of water known as the Gulf Stream comes up from the Gulf of Mexico, and then (A) it crosses the North Atlantic toward Europe.
7. Systems (D) using the two symbols0 and 1 are called binary number systems
8. Genes, (C) which the blueprints for cell construction, exist in tightly organized packages called choromosome
9. The Earth’s atmosphere consist of gases (B) hold in place around the Earth by the gravitational pull of the planet.
10. Oscar Hammerstein II collaborated with a number composers including Jeromi Kern, whom (B) was joined in writing the musical Show Boat.
TOEFL
TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) is an English language test designed to measure their mastery of English whose native language is not English. This test is developed and organized by ETS (Educational Testing Service) a nonprofit corporation based in the United States and first time organized in 1964. TOEFL score is usually one of entry requirements in 2400 universities in the United States, Canada and 80 other countries in the world (ETS: 1999). There are two types of TOEFL, 1) Paper and Pencil Based TOEFL ; and 2) Computer Based TOEFL. The first type of TOEFL test is the TOEFL test that we know, is which both questions and answers is done by using paper and pencil. Whereas the second type of TOEFL test is relative new test model because it was first introduced in 1998. As stated in that name, this test uses a computer and participants in the delivery because the test will answers this test and also via computer.
There are three parts of the TOEFL test to be done by test participants. The first part is the questions that measure the ability Listening Comprehension in total 50 questions, Structure and Written Expression, 40 questions, and Reading Comprehension, 50 questions. Whole matter was made in the form of multiple choice (except for the Computer Based TOEFL, there are matter essay test writing ability of participants in English and other variation forms of matter such as match, highlighting certain words in connection with the main idea of a reading, etc.). Whole test lasted within approximately 150 minutes, for the Paper and Pencil Based TOEFL, and approximately 240 minutes for the Computer Based TOEFL. A relatively long time for the Computer Based TOEFL tutorials are included procedures.
There are other types of TOEFL. For pre-selection or for internal purposes an institution, then the ETS as a developer and provider agency TOEFL test also conducts TOEFL ITP (ITP = Institutional Testing Programme). Number of questions and level of difficulty TOEFL ITP are not different with Paper and Pencil Based TOEFL and the Computer Based TOEFL, because the questions used in the TOEFL ITP is a matter that TOEFL test has been used before. Differences that need to be known by those who plan to take the TOEFL test is the TOEFL ITP score obtained from in its use is limited. For example universities and colleges in America, will only accept scores from the TOEFL Paper and Pencil Based or Computer Based TOEFL. Another difference is in terms of test cost. Currently, the cost of Paper and Pencil Based TOEFL and the Computer Based TOEFL is U.S. $ 110, while the TOEFL ITP is relatively cheaper cost of U.S. $ 25.
There should also know that the Paper and Pencil Based TOEFL and the Computer Based TOEFL is only organized in particular Test Center with the test schedule that have been determined in advance, while the TOEFL ITP implementation is more flexible schedule and in Indonesia is conducted by the IIEF (The Indonesian International Education Foundation) with coordinate with the central language in public universities. In addition to TOEFL ITP, there is also a TOEFL Prediction / Equivalent Test, that is usually used to estimate the TOEFL score before the relevant person take another TOEFL test (TOEFL Paper and Pencil Based, Computer Based TOEFL, TOEFL ITP). Type TOEFL Prediction test is generally organized by the institute / center language or places that hold training courses TOEFL.
In general, we recognize three levels of mastery of foreign languages, namely Elementary, Intermediate, and Advanced. For TOEFL score, linguists usually classify this score into four levels following (Carson, et al., 1990):
- Elementary : 310 – 420
- Low Intermediate : 420 – 480
- High Intermediate : 480 – 520
- Advanced : 525 – 677
By knowing the classification level of mastery of the English language above, we can certainly understand why universities in countries that use English as its official language, require a TOEFL score for the candidate of their international students. To be accept in S1, they commont set score is around 475-550, while for S2 and S3 program entry requirements TOEFL score be higher is around 550 - 600.
Several universities in Indonesia has set a certain TOEFL score for that students (Huda, 1999). In connection with efforts to improve the quality of college graduates, a regulation require college students have a mastery of the TOEFL to a certain extent, is expected to have positive impact and we should support. Mastery of good English language is expected to increase the ability to think and work on a global level, a condition of employment in the future we need to prepare from now.
There are three parts of the TOEFL test to be done by test participants. The first part is the questions that measure the ability Listening Comprehension in total 50 questions, Structure and Written Expression, 40 questions, and Reading Comprehension, 50 questions. Whole matter was made in the form of multiple choice (except for the Computer Based TOEFL, there are matter essay test writing ability of participants in English and other variation forms of matter such as match, highlighting certain words in connection with the main idea of a reading, etc.). Whole test lasted within approximately 150 minutes, for the Paper and Pencil Based TOEFL, and approximately 240 minutes for the Computer Based TOEFL. A relatively long time for the Computer Based TOEFL tutorials are included procedures.
There are other types of TOEFL. For pre-selection or for internal purposes an institution, then the ETS as a developer and provider agency TOEFL test also conducts TOEFL ITP (ITP = Institutional Testing Programme). Number of questions and level of difficulty TOEFL ITP are not different with Paper and Pencil Based TOEFL and the Computer Based TOEFL, because the questions used in the TOEFL ITP is a matter that TOEFL test has been used before. Differences that need to be known by those who plan to take the TOEFL test is the TOEFL ITP score obtained from in its use is limited. For example universities and colleges in America, will only accept scores from the TOEFL Paper and Pencil Based or Computer Based TOEFL. Another difference is in terms of test cost. Currently, the cost of Paper and Pencil Based TOEFL and the Computer Based TOEFL is U.S. $ 110, while the TOEFL ITP is relatively cheaper cost of U.S. $ 25.
There should also know that the Paper and Pencil Based TOEFL and the Computer Based TOEFL is only organized in particular Test Center with the test schedule that have been determined in advance, while the TOEFL ITP implementation is more flexible schedule and in Indonesia is conducted by the IIEF (The Indonesian International Education Foundation) with coordinate with the central language in public universities. In addition to TOEFL ITP, there is also a TOEFL Prediction / Equivalent Test, that is usually used to estimate the TOEFL score before the relevant person take another TOEFL test (TOEFL Paper and Pencil Based, Computer Based TOEFL, TOEFL ITP). Type TOEFL Prediction test is generally organized by the institute / center language or places that hold training courses TOEFL.
In general, we recognize three levels of mastery of foreign languages, namely Elementary, Intermediate, and Advanced. For TOEFL score, linguists usually classify this score into four levels following (Carson, et al., 1990):
- Elementary : 310 – 420
- Low Intermediate : 420 – 480
- High Intermediate : 480 – 520
- Advanced : 525 – 677
By knowing the classification level of mastery of the English language above, we can certainly understand why universities in countries that use English as its official language, require a TOEFL score for the candidate of their international students. To be accept in S1, they commont set score is around 475-550, while for S2 and S3 program entry requirements TOEFL score be higher is around 550 - 600.
Several universities in Indonesia has set a certain TOEFL score for that students (Huda, 1999). In connection with efforts to improve the quality of college graduates, a regulation require college students have a mastery of the TOEFL to a certain extent, is expected to have positive impact and we should support. Mastery of good English language is expected to increase the ability to think and work on a global level, a condition of employment in the future we need to prepare from now.
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